![]() ![]() Eighth Harmonic / Seventh Overtone: 800 Hz.Seventh Harmonic / Sixth Overtone: 700 Hz.Sixth Harmonic / Fifth Overtone: 600 Hz.Fifth Harmonic / Fourth Overtone: 500 Hz.Fourth Harmonic / Third Overtone: 400 Hz.Third Harmonic / Second Overtone: 300 Hz.Second Harmonic / First Overtone: 200 Hz.First Harmonic / Fundamental Frequency: 100 Hz.A harmonic series is the sequence of sounds in which the frequency of each sound is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency (the lowest frequency) meaning the fundamental frequency dictates the harmonic series.Ī harmonic series with a fundamental frequency of 100 Hz could consist of the following harmonics / overtones: If an overtone is a harmonic, it means that it’s part of the fundamental frequency’s harmonic series. A number of these overtones are known as harmonics. The term overtone refers to any frequency greater than the fundamental frequency of a sound. A spectrum analyzer displays signal amplitude as it varies by signal frequency, and an oscilloscope displays the waveform of electronic signals by plotting instantaneous signal voltage as a function of time.Ī spectrum analyzer is going to display information about the fundamental frequency, as well as its overtones for each of the following waveforms. ![]() You can gather more information about the waves you’re using with a spectrum analyzer like SPAN by Voxengo, and an oscilloscope like s(M)exoscope by Smartelectronix (both of which are free to download). Others take this a step further and provide you with access to all kinds of different waveshapes. Lots of synths use basic wave shapes like sine waves, triangle waves, saw waves, and pulse width waves. They’ll allow you to achieve the fundamental character of the sound you're looking for by selecting an appropriate waveform. When creating a new patch, your oscillators are a great place to start. The oscillator section of a synth generates waveforms at various amplitudes and frequencies. Learning how these individual components operate will make using any synth a breeze. Many die-hard synth lovers swear by modular synthesis because it provides a ton of creative freedom. Modular synthesis is a type of synthesis that lets you purchase these components individually and connect them together using patch cables. ![]() Oscillators, envelopes, LFOs, filters, and effects are just some of the components that make up many different synths. A synth is merely a collection of different hardware components packed into a user-friendly unit. To effectively use a synth, you need to understand what makes it tick…. You can always refer back to this guide if you need to refresh yourself on a concept regarding synthesis, so make sure to bookmark this page. I hope to familiarize you with the concept of synthesis as a whole and get you comfortable using some of the common parameters found amongst a number of synths. Alternatively, you can buy Serum for $189 via Xfer Record’s website, or you can rent-to-own Serum for $9.99/month via Splice. You can download a 3 day trial of Serum from Splice for free that will allow you to follow along with this guide. I’ve chosen this synth because it’s one of the most popular synths on the market. ![]() I’ll be walking you through the fundamentals of synthesis using Serum which is a plugin synth developed by Xfer Records. Many synths will include an oscillator section, voicing section, envelope section, LFO section, filter section, and effects section. If you understand the fundamentals of synthesis, you can learn how to use pretty much any synth by familiarizing yourself with it's interface. Each synth is unique in it's design and the placement of it's parameters, but for the most part, they all function based on a standard set of principles and controls. Luckily, synthesis can be learned in a systematic, organized manner. This experience is quite a turn-off and can deter a lot of people from learning synthesis. You’re faced with a wall of knobs, faders, and miscellaneous controls labelled with complete nonsense. Although its less expensive to start off using plugin synths, as opposed to analog synths, plugin synths tend to come packed with so many controls that it's overwhelming. ![]()
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